More Blanchet.

I’d never heard of Rapide Blanc (White Rapids), Quebec, north of Shawinigan.  This is an unsurprising revelation given the town’s closure by the Shawinigan Water and Power Company in 1971.   It’s odd, however, that a (fairly) recent and significant event of this kind has nigh disappeared from Canadian history: books and news articles on the town are difficult to track down, and most references to the town in the popular media are related to Blanchet’s graphic novel (Whtie Rapids. Montreal: Drawn and Quarterly, 2007).

Blanchet’s work is (again) beautiful, by the way.  The work is less funny than Baloney, and the sepia tones, along with thejazz/swing/big band accompanying score and tycoon-like villains locate the work in the first half of the 20th century when the town still existed.  Blanchet undermines the potential nostalgia generated by the style, however, by intercutting a story of “The General”:

That enormous pike. Fiercely aggressive [...] with razor sharp teeth.  Tales of failed attempts to catch The General multiplied, and before long, you would have thought he measured eight arm-lengths…Over the years, The General became a local legend.

Like the town, though, the legend of the General, along with other local histories, fails to flourish.

31 March 2009 ~ St. Catharines

Nick Hornby has just written…

a post about his new book, Juliet, Naked, and comments:

I think the days when people are prepared to shell out for prose nakedness are long gone. Now that each of us possess the means to watch real women having sex with real men, or real women, or real animals, at the click of a mouse, I’m not sure there’s any real money to be made by from a few paragraphs of fictional smut.

Hornby clearly has not seen my audio-copy of Lady Chatterley’s Lover (as I noted a few weeks ago, publishing companies are still marketing this book based on its sex scenes, among other things).  Nor has he read ‘Tis Pity She’s a Whore with a second year (or fourth year) undergraduate class.

23 March 2009 ~ St. Catharines

Non-Accredited Book Reviews: John Updike.

Updike, John.  Gertrude and Claudius. New York: Ballantine Books, 2000.

Putting aside the murder being covered up, Claudius seems like a capable king, Gertrude a noble queen, Ophelia a treasure of sweetness, Polonius a tedious but not evil counsellor, Laertes a generic young man.  Hamlet pulls them all into death  (John Updike, “Afterward,” 212).

I almost gave up on Updike a month ago (attempting to read The Witches of Eastwick); I’m glad I convinced myself to ignore my misgivings in the bookstore last Friday, when I debated buying Gertrude and Claudius.  The reimagining of Hamlet’s morally ambiguous king and queen is Updike’s attempt to, as the passage from the afterword suggests, make sense of Hamlet’s “mad” revenge.

Updike’s answer to the problem is that Hamlet, being estranged from his mother since his boyhood (his father is responsible for his martial education), spends an increasing amount of time in Wittenberg, where his natural melancholy leads him to become more and more alienated from his parents.  Absent throughout most of Updike’s novel, Hamlet, upon his return to Denmark possesses neither the interest, nor the capacity to understand the nuanced history behind the relationships at court.

Putting aside the murder, as Updike does, the novel presents a sympathetic, though not entirely uncondemning portrayal of Claudius (“Feng” or “Fengon,” as he is known in the 1514 translation of the Historica Danica), as well as of his brother, Hamlet (“Horwendil”), and of course, “Gerutha.”  Much of this sympathy stems from Updike’s decision to abstract the narrative out of the early modern English context in which we normally read it, returning it to 7th century Denmark.

This earlier context alters readings of Claudius’s murder.  Lines like Claudius’s soliloquy in 3.3 (“O, my offense is rank, it smells to heaven, / It hath the primal eldest curse upon’t”), Ghost Hamlet’s descriptions of hell in 1.5, the grave-diggers’ condemnations of Ophelia in 5.1 (“Is she to be buried in Christian burial that / Wilfully seeks her own salvation?”), and even Laertes’s “To cut his throat i’ the church,” are difficult not to read ironically in Updike’s early Danish context where Christian and pagan beliefs work uneasily together, with the Danish kings frequently trading one for the other (as political expedience necessitates):

Horwendil was a Christian.  He reverenced Harald Bluetooth, the father of modern Denmark, whose conversion deprived the GermanEmperor of his favorite excuse for invasion, the conquest of pagans [...] Christ was all on their lips but in their hearts the Danes still adored Tyr, god of sport and war and fertility.  A noble wife could expect to be honored, but not in realms beyond the small circle that domestic peace draws around women and children — unforgiving realms where men dealt with the necessities of blood and competition. (27-28)

In the context of 7th century Danish politics, warfare and ethics, Claudius’s murder of Hamlet/Horwendil is slightly more difficult to condemn.  In many ways, the novel shifts the story’s main theme away from the ethics of the murder entirely (and whether it is an act meriting revenge), and towards the relationships between kings and queens, men and women, and parents and their children (the problem of incest remains, however, with Claudius himself outlining for Gertrude the usual Oedipal reading of young Hamlet).

Indeed, given the way Updike’s novel suggests the way kings acquire, use and abuse power, Claudius’s greatest flaw may be that he doesn’t kill Hamlet ten years sooner.

23 March 2009 ~ St. Catharines

Pascal Blanchet’s…

graphic novel Baloney (Montreal: Drawn and Quarterly, 2008) is a wonderful blend of image, narrative, and sound.  The illustrations, a mix of art nouveau, art deco, and contemporary cartoon, are all rendered in black, red, and white; the narrative style is reminiscent of both 17th century fairy tales (including the motif of returning the sun to a land of perpetual winter) and 20th century Russian novels (darkly funny, with a tragic end).  The entire narrative is meant to be read along with selections of Shostakovich, Prokofiev, and Chopin, making it something of an operatic text.  The entire effect is, again like an opera, very beautiful, and moving well beyond its performance space.

21 March 2009 ~ St. Catharines

(Same ol’) Brave new world.

I finished Click recently.  The novel, a collection of inter-related short stories by ten different young adult authors (including Eoin Colfer, Nick Hornby, and David Almond), loosely follows the lives of Maggie and Jason Keene, who, after their grandfather’s death, attempt to retrace his life as a photojournalist.  The structure allows a series of narratives to split off as the children find others who encountered their grandfather as youths.

Given that the book is part of an Amnesty International campaign, it’s nice to see that most of the writers are willing to consider different living circumstances of young adults globally.  Without sensationalising  the circumstances, the stories include a girl’s discovery of her grandfather’s mistress in France, a boy’s poverty and imprisonment in Eastern Europe, and an adolescent recovering from sexual abuse.  The writers, though they recognise their readers are young, also recognise that they are intelligent and working through fairly serious conflicts of their own.

I was somewhat disappointed with the novel’s end, however.   In an attempt to show how Maggie and Jason pass on their own narratives to the next generation, the last story in the novel moves several years into the future, which Gregory Maguire has chosen to portray as technologically advanced but vaguely dystopic (complete with cities in the clouds, online blood profiles, and sinister “logometers” which listen in on conversations, à la Big Brother).

These contextual descriptions tend to distract from what seems the point of the story: Maggie’s age and fading memory, her reflections of her grandfather and brother’s lives, and her relationship with her great-niece.  Nor is Maguire’s future much more differently imagined from most dystopic futures.

I may just be intolerant of the genre as a whole. Yes, yes, dystopias allow writers to imagine and critique the dangers of police states, environmental destruction, technological trends, &tc.  They tend offer these critiques, however, in a uniform and predictable manner.

In the future, laboratories and expensive high-rise condominiums will all be decorated in noiseless white; the slums with their blackmarkets and futuristic opium dens, by contrast, will be a dingy brown, or garish [your choice of colour here].  Wardrobe colours will reflect this demographic divide (a red sash, scarf, or cloak may be used as an accent).  Numbers will play a critical role in the future, with most technologies, drugs, humanoid robats/cyberclones, and perhaps even most people, being numerically nominated. Music, art, and architecture will be outlawed, destroyed, or denigrated into their lowest consumable form.

The future will offer the following roles for its populace: increasingly discontented political upstart (who ends up dead or in miserable exile), interpolated drone (who dies due to his/her semi-accidental involvement in the political upstart’s rebellion), political upstart who ends up miserably reinterpolated, or sinister government policymaker (who may end up alive or dead, depending on whether the author wants to offer a “hopeful” ending or not).

Luckily for future us, reprieve (if any) will be found in the works of Shakespeare, carefully hidden in basements, attics, and secret studies.  I suppose this vision is ultimately encouraging for Shakespeare enthusiasts (“read your Hamlet, kids: it’s going to save the world!”), but it’s not enough to encourage me to read any more dystopic novels in the near future.

21 March 2009 ~ St. Catharines